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(renamed "Drug War Chronicle" effective issue #300, August 2003) Issue #130, 3/24/00
"Raising Awareness of the Consequences of Drug Prohibition" TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Innocent, Unarmed Man Shot by New York City Drug Unit In what is becoming a depressingly regular occurrence, a young, unarmed black man was shot and killed by New York City police officers last week in mid-town Manhattan. The victim, Patrick Dorismond, 25, was the son of well-known Haitian singer Andre Dorismond and was himself the father of two small children. Undercover Detective Anderson Moran approached Mr. Dorismond as part of a "buy and bust" marijuana operation, part of NYC's "Operation Condor." While eyewitness accounts of the incident are differing and incomplete, what is known is that Detective Moran asked Dorismond, who had just come out of a bar with a friend, if he would sell him some marijuana. Dorismond had no marijuana, nor is there any evidence that he was selling or had ever sold marijuana. Dorismond apparently took exception to Moran's insistence and a scuffle ensued, at which time two back-up plain clothes officers approached. One shot from Detective Vasquez' service revolver struck Dorismond in the chest, killing him. Within hours of the shooting, NYC Police Commissioner Howard Safir released sealed juvenile records indicating that Dorismond had been arrested -- the charges were subsequently dropped -- for burglary and assault when he was thirteen years' old. The release of that information, and NYC Mayor Giuliani's subsequent negative portrayal of Mr. Dorismond in the media, has prompted outrage from community leaders and some city and state officials. According to press reports, the primary discrepancies between the officers' account and that of Kevin Kaiser, Dorismond's friend and another eyewitness, were as to who threw the first punch in the altercation and whether or not the officers ever identified themselves as such. Manhattan DA Robert Morganthau's office is handling the investigation. At the center of the outrage over this most recent shooting is the Haitian community, of which Dorismond was member, as is police brutality victim Abner Louima. Jean Vernet of the National Coalition for Haitian Rights in New York told The Week Online that these incidents have raised multiple concerns. "People are very angry and upset," said Mr. Vernet. "Their concern revolves around three areas. First, every time that a member of a minority group -- not just Haitians -- has been beaten or killed by the police, Mayor Giuliani automatically heaps blame on the victim, calling him a criminal, or disturbed, and praises the police. It is as if he assumes that if you are black or a member of some other minority group or if you are emotionally disturbed, as was the case with a young Hasidic man who was shot by police several months ago, you are automatically to blame for whatever happens to you." "What does that mean about the justice that you can expect if you are a member of a minority community, and particularly if you are a young, black male?" "Second, people are very concerned that some of us are not even getting to be judged by the system, with police acting as judge, jury and executioner. The job of the police is not to execute people in the streets." "And third, we are approached on the streets by people who look like thugs themselves, but are actually undercover police offices, and asked for drugs or information on where they can get drugs. It is assumed by the police, it seems that if you are black, you must therefore be somehow involved in the drug trade. And even after the person, in this case Mr. Dorismond, is shot and killed, he is made out by the Mayor and the police commissioner to be a criminal, even if he had done nothing wrong. For the family, especially a Haitian family, this is like having your child killed twice. In Haiti, we do not speak ill of the dead, and doing so, especially in a situation such as this, only adds to the pain of such a tragic loss." But, Vernet noted, it will not be enough to hold a demonstration or to make the community's voice heard in the media. "At this point, with all that is going on and continues to go on between the police and the community, we must use this tragedy as motivation to organize politically, to make ourselves part of the process for the long term. It is only through organizing that our interests will be represented and the necessary reforms put into practice." The National Coalition for Haitian Rights is online at http://www.nchr.org.
2. National Drug Strategy Released, and Testimony by Eric Sterling This week (3/23), Drug Czar Barry McCaffrey released the annual National Drug Control Strategy. The strategy itself contained no surprises, but McCaffrey's assessment of the drug war's success did raise some eyebrows. "For those who call this a war," said McCaffrey, "We are winning." But the document revealed that despite confident rhetoric, centered mainly around a modest overall decline in the number of young people who admit to past month drug use, by some measures the situation is worse than ever. Most notable among the failures documented in the strategy is the fact that both heroin and cocaine are more pure and less expensive than at any time in history. The National Drug Control Strategy can be found online at http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov. Eric Sterling, President of the Criminal Justice Policy Foundation and former Council to the House Committee on the Judiciary from 1979 to 1989, submitted testimony to the House this week in response to the Strategy. Sterling is one of the most knowledgeable, and certainly one of the most articulate critics of US drug policy in the world today. With his permission, that testimony has been reprinted below. The Criminal Justice Policy Foundation is on the web at http://www.cjpf.org. STATEMENT OF ERIC E. STERLING, PRESIDENT, THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE POLICY FOUNDATION, TO THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON TREASURY, POSTAL SERVICE AND GENERAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS, US HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 3. Dump Judge Judy Campaign Growing, Needs Volunteer Monitors, Pain Patients Speak Out Since the launch of our web site, DumpJudgeJudy.com (http://www.dumpjudgejudy.com) two weeks ago, nearly 400 people have used the site to write to Judge Judy show sponsors, and the campaign continues to garner publicity. The Dump Judge Judy campaign, and DRCNet itself, are reported to have been mentioned on the Howard Stern show last Friday, and DRCNet Executive Director David Borden has been a guest on radio programs from Fargo, North Dakota to Los Angeles, California. WE URGENTLY NEED YOUR HELP TO TAKE THE CAMPAIGN TO A HIGHER LEVEL. Our greatest need right now is to gather more sponsor names and track who is advertising where. If you have access to the Judge Judy show on TV, please watch the commercials, as often as you can, and let us know which companies are advertising which products in which parts of the country. EXPANDING THE LIST OF SPONSORS WILL INCREASE OUR CHANCES OF GETTING MORE SPONSORS TO DROP, WHICH WILL INCREASE THE HEAT ON JUDGE JUDY AND GARNER MORE FAVORABLE PUBLICITY FOR OUR ISSUES. The Judge Judy show station and schedule in your area can be found through a search at http://www.gist.com. WE ALSO NEED MORE OF YOU TO TAKE ACTION. Please visit http://www.dumpjudgejudy.com if you haven't already, register your displeasure with some of her advertisers, and use our state legislative contact form to send a letter to your local politicians supporting needle exchange. (For background on the Judge Judy controversy, which is related to her remarks about drug addicted people and injection-related AIDS -- she is reported to have said "Give 'em dirty needles and let 'em die" while promoting her book in Australia -- visit http://www.dumpjudgejudy.com and our two previous Week Online articles at http://www.drcnet.org/wol/128.html#dumpjudgejudy and http://www.drcnet.org/wol/129.html#judy in our archive.) As reported last week, the Dump Judge Judy campaign, which began last fall around the issue of needle exchange and drug-related blood-borne diseases such as hepatitis and HIV, has expanded to include the efforts of pain patient advocates, led by the American Society for Action on Pain (ASAP), who were deeply offended by Judge Judy's prejudiced treatment of a pain patient on her show last month. With the help of ASAP president Skip Baker and other ASAP members, posts made to ASAP's list about the Judge Judy show last month have now been located. We include them here because they are educational about the plight that pain patients face in the "war on drugs" and the damage that a TV personality can cause. Over the next week we will be offering a new section of DumpJudgeJudy.com dealing with the pain issue. (The pain patient letters follow here; note that the apparent time discrepancies are due to the senders living in different time zones.) Date: Wed, 9 Feb 2000 01:00 4. Another Medical Marijuana Bill Goes Before Maryland House Committee Medical marijuana is still alive in Maryland as this issue of the Week Online goes to press. The same House Judiciary Committee that two weeks ago voted 11 to 7 against a bill proposed by conservative Republican Senator Don Murphy that would have protected patients suffering from diseases like AIDS and cancer from arrest is poised to vote on a slightly different bill. The new bill, sponsored by Del David Valderrama, a Democrat, was originally less ambitious in its scope than the proposal that failed earlier this month. Initially, the bill called for changing state law to allow local jurisdictions to approve their own medical marijuana measures if they chose to do so. But before that version of the bill made it to committee, Valderamma amended it to look more like Murphy's bill, with a few key exceptions. The major difference in Valderrama's bill, Murphy told The Week Online, is that voters in local jurisdictions would have the opportunity to opt out of the state medical marijuana law. This way, "If the people of Baltimore County decide they're against medical marijuana, they can put a measure on the ballot and the people can decide," Murphy said. Another change from Murphy's bill is that Valderrama's limits how much marijuana a patient may possess. Such a provision could preempt concerns that an open-ended amount would cause headaches for law enforcement. Murphy believes there is a chance the committee will approve Valderamma's bill. "The voter aspect makes it more difficult to oppose," he said. Murphy added that he doubts a local jurisdiction would exercise its right to amend out, because most voters are likely to support a state law legalizing medical marijuana. A recently conducted poll found that 73 percent of Maryland residents are in favor of such a law. When asked why politicians would be so wary of supporting something that has so much public support, Murphy explained that opposition to medical marijuana carries little risk with voters, while public support of it is relatively untried. "The fear is that you're more likely to get whacked if you voted for it and people are against than if you voted against it and some people are for it," he said. "This isn't a litmus test issue. There are a lot of people who would say, 'Yeah, I think it is a good idea but I would not vote against a guy who didn't think the same way.'" Robert Kampia, director of the Marijuana Policy Project, told The Week Online that medical marijuana advocates are more optimistic this time around because last Tuesday's hearing on the amended Valderrama bill went very well. "We're back in action," he said. "It was a super successful day. We'll have at least eight votes and we need twelve. I would be so happy if we pushed this to the House floor, after all we've been through." Valderrama began the hearing by playing the recorded endorsement of his ophthalmologist, Dr. George S. Malouf, a past president of the Maryland State Medical Society (MedChi). "MedChi has more clout on this issue than any other medical group in Maryland," Kampia noted. Malouf's endorsement was followed by testimony from Valderrama's sister, who suffers from glaucoma and is dying of cancer. She told the committee that she is a card-carrying member of a cannabis club in New York City. Valderrama was to follow her with his own statement, but was too overcome with emotion and asked Kampia to speak instead Kampia said he expects the committee to vote on the measure Friday (3/24). But shepherding this bill out of committee this year may be asking too much. Many drug policy reformers have been wondering why medical marijuana has so far fared better in Hawaii, where a bill supported by the Governor has passed both houses, than in Maryland. According to Kampia, who has worked closely with local advocates on both the Hawaii and Maryland bills, the deciding factor has been time. "The most important difference between our experiences in the two states is that medical marijuana legislation has been percolating in Hawaii for years now, while this was our first try in Maryland. In the former state, legislators have gotten used to the idea of a state medical marijuana bill. In the latter state, legislators saw our campaign as shockingly new, untried, and potentially dangerous or embarrassing for them," he said. Regarding the Maryland bill's untimely death in committee, Kampia said, "Everyone in Maryland tells me it is virtually impossible to introduce a bill and push it through the legislature in just one season. People are telling me this is going to take four years, which is about what it took in Hawaii. The four year rule might be a good rule of thumb for us." Even if Valderrama's bill doesn't make it out of committee, the prospects are promising for future attempts. A few days after the vote on Murphy's bill, Maryland State Senator Ulysses Curry, a democrat, expressed sympathy for the bill in a letter published in the Washington Post. He concluded his letter saying, "Opposition to doctor-recommended use of marijuana seems to be based on a distorted perception that somehow if we let sick people use marijuana to improve their quality of life, we will pave the way to legalization. But that is not what the medicinal use of marijuana is about. It is about whether we want seriously ill people to be arrested for seeking physician-recommended relief from their illness." Curry wants to introduce a new medical marijuana bill in the Senate next year. In the mean time, Kampia hopes to set up a bipartisan House and Senate working group to hammer out a bill that will make it out of committee during next year's session. This will be an opportunity to educate legislators not just about medical marijuana, but about the subtleties of state versus federal drug legislation. "The focus will be that the state government actually has the authority to change state laws, and patients should be protected under state law," Kampia said. Even though medical marijuana is still illegal under federal law, Kampia said, he wants to remind Maryland legislators that the state is responsible for 99 percent of marijuana arrests.
5. Senate Judiciary Committee Passes Forfeiture Reform Bill, Colombia Aid Package Stalled Forfeiture A bill to place some restrictions on the federal government's ability to seize property was passed yesterday by the Senate Judiciary Committee. S. 1931, which was sponsored by Sen. Orrin Hatch (R-UT) and Sen. Patrick Leahy (D-VT), would require the government to makes its case "by a preponderance of the evidence," would enable judges to release property to the owners while a case is in process, if government possession would create substantial hardship, would extend the period of time an owner has to challenge a seizure in court, and ends the requirement that such an owner post a bond with the court. The House version of the bill, H.R. 1658, required the government present "clear and convincing evidence" in order to seize property. The lesser standard of "preponderance of the evidence" was a compromise made with the Clinton administration and some senators. H.R. 1658 was sponsored by Rep. Henry Hyde (R-IL), and passed the House last year in a 375-48 vote. Please visit http://www.drcnet.org/forfeiture/ to let your Senators know you'd like them to support S. 1931 when it comes to a vote. Colombia The latest report on the Colombia military drug war aid package is that it has stalled in the Senate due to opposition from Sen. Trent Lott. Lott is not opposing the Colombia funding, but other measures that were tacked onto it, and says all the measures should be debated during the regular appropriations process next fall. Nothing is certain on Capitol Hill, however, and it could still come back, and only substantial public opposition will have a chance of blocking it in September. Please visit http://www.drcnet.org/stopthehelicopters/ to add your voice to those opposing aid to this brutal military.
6. Medical Marijuana Patients Begin Northern Florida "Journey For Justice" (courtesy NORML Foundation, http://www.norml.org) Starke, FL: A caravan of medical marijuana patients, including several in wheelchairs, will begin a 160 mile, week-long journey at 9:00am tomorrow, from a state prison in Starke to the capitol in Tallahassee. The Journey for Justice caravan will travel 3-4 miles per hour and will pause to hold vigils at 13 correctional facilities along the way to the capitol. "I am making this journey in the wheelchair I have to live in because marijuana has extended and improved my quality of life," said Cathy Jordan, a patient who suffers from Lou Gehrig's Disease. "The people of Florida are compassionate, and I want them to ask Governor Jeb Bush and the legislature why am I still considered a criminal for saving my own life?" Journey organizer Kay Lee said, "Too many non-violent offenders are being incarcerated and abused because of our drug laws. I know the people of Florida care about human rights for everyone and that is the message we will take to Tallahassee." (Journey for Justice urges supporters in Northern Florida to come out and march and rally. The trip's itinerary can be found online at http://www.fairlaw.org/j4j3/Itinerary.htm.)
7. Breaking News: UK to Legalize Medical Marijuana According to reports in London newspapers on Friday (3/24), the British government is prepared to legalize marijuana for medical use. The move would mark a drastic departure for Tony Blair's Labour government, which has to this point enthusiastically pursued a more punitive, US-style drug prohibition policy. Both The Independent and the London Times reported that the lift in sanctions against medical marijuana users is a compromise between Blair and Home Secretary Jack Straw, who favor a zero-tolerance approach, and Cabinet Office Minister Mo Mowlam, who has called for a royal commission to review the effectiveness of current drug laws. Blair and Straw have rejected that proposal, reportedly for fear its conclusions would lead to increased support for decriminalization. DRCNet will continue to monitor this story.
US News and World Report revealed this week that Drug Enforcement Agency officials are puzzling over the latest directive from the Drug Czar. It seems Gen. Barry McCaffrey's office sent the agency a letter on March 5 insisting that the DEA find a way to seize all products entering the United States that contain industrial hemp. The letter reportedly cited concerns that certain hemp-infused products like shampoo and beer might cause Americans to inadvertently fail drug tests at school or work. The US News story said the letter has customs officials worried that compliance could spark an international trade war. McCaffrey's office ordered an embargo on the importation of hemp seeds last month. (See http://www.drcnet.org/wol/122.html#hempembargo for further background information.)
9. High School Anti-Drug Lesson Daringly Different Teachers and administrators at St. Clairsville High School in Mertins Ferry, Ohio were shocked last week when a team of local, state and federal law enforcement officers conducted an unannounced drug sweep at the school. According to the Mertins Ferry Leader, officers, some in S.W.A.T. gear, entered the school last Friday (3/17) while police cars surrounded the building and blocked nearby roads. An undisclosed number of students were rounded up and arrested for their alleged crimes in connection with a six-month investigation. Mertins Ferry schools Superintendent Lorrinda Saxby told the Leader that she had been notified of the impending raid about an hour before it occurred, but she had not expected it to be so dramatic. "I was under the impression that it was going to be done quietly," she told the Leader. "When I got up there and saw the men in combat gear, I was stunned." Local county sheriff Tom McCort told the Leader the raid was justified because he believes the school has a drug problem -- even though, according to Saxby, McCort had never been to the school before nor contacted administrators there to discuss his concerns. McCort also told the Leader that the Clairsville students needed to learn a lesson about drugs. He said, "There is more to education than what's in books, slides and films. The students need to see there is no tolerance."
10. Link of the Week: "Lost Political Causes" by William F. Buckley Regular DRCNet readers should recognize some familiar names in this Buckley column published earlier today. Visit: http://www.sacbee.com/voices/national/buckley/buckley_20000324.html
11. OP-ED: No End in Sight in Los Angeles Police Scandal Steve Beitler, special to DRCNet Six months after the first allegations of widespread police misconduct in the Los Angeles Police Department's (LAPD) Rampart division, statistics that give an overview of the scandal are like one of those chalk-drawn body outlines at a crime scene: they hint at the mayhem without conveying the depth of the disaster. As of mid-March, 40 convictions have been thrown out and scores of other cases involving members of the Rampart division's anti-gang unit are under review. Twenty LAPD officers have been relieved of duty, been fired or have quit, and dozens more are being investigated. More than 15 civil suits have been filed, with estimates of the ultimate price tag for settlements of such suits ranging from $125 million to more than $1 billion dollars. On February 25, former officer Rafael Perez, whose arrest for pilfering cocaine from an evidence locker touched off the revelations, was sentenced to five years in prison. On March 2, a remarkable report by the LAPD's Board of Inquiry sparked some public bickering among city officials and intensified calls for a civilian-based, independent review of the events. The FBI and the US Department of Justice are investigating civil rights violations, and the outcome of their efforts is far from clear. In addition, a group of prominent attorneys with extensive experience in police misconduct cases began discussions on a possible strategy for legal action whose goal would be systemic reform of the LAPD. These developments suggest the complexity of the still-unfolding scandal and the many intriguing subplots that feed into the main story line. What has been largely missing so far is a compelling articulation of how systemic forces -- America's perpetual state of war against drugs and gangs -- make such misconduct not only possible but inevitable. Ironically, former officer Perez came the closest so far to articulating this idea. "My job became an intoxicant that I lusted after," Perez said, according to an account of his sentencing by Los Angeles Times reporter Scott Glover. "The 'us against them' ethos of the overzealous cop began to consume me, and the ends seemed to justify the means. I can only say I succumbed to the seductress of power. Whoever chases monsters should see to it that in the process he does not become a monster himself." Perez had taken an incredible route to his newfound moral high ground. In hours of testimony in his attempt to win a lighter sentence, Perez told investigators how he had stolen cocaine from an evidence room for several months without a problem and was caught only after he got careless. Beth Barrett and Greg Gittrich of the Daily News of Los Angeles reported that Perez told investigators he replaced stolen cocaine with flour on at least three occasions and lifted about $1 million dollars worth of cocaine. "I could have been anybody," Perez is reported to have said. "Anybody can walk in there." Perez was caught when he used the badge number of another Officer Perez, who was cleared in a subsequent investigation. Soon after Perez's arrest in August, 1998, the LAPD tightened procedures that govern access to evidence. Police can no longer take narcotics, guns or money from evidence facilities, according to Lt. Sharon Buck, a department spokeswoman. Sgt. Leo Jones of Irvine, California, who supervises narcotics investigations in that city, told the Orange County Register that the system that allowed a police officer to steal $1 million in cocaine says as much about the system as the officer. The LAPD's Board of Inquiry report on the Rampart scandal is a 362-page tome that makes more than 100 recommendations amounting to a laundry list of procedural changes -- better screening of recruits, more effective supervision, performance evaluations for officers that actually mean something, and greater power for the chief of police to discipline and fire officers. These are surprisingly tame steps in light of a scandal that the report describes as having "devastated our relationship with the public we serve and threatened the integrity of our entire criminal justice system." As the Los Angeles Times' coverage noted, conspicuous by their absence were recommendations to create outside systems for subjecting the LAPD to consistent, independent scrutiny. Such scrutiny might have uncovered a 1992 incident in the Rampart division's anti-gang unit at the end of the Rodney King riots. A supervisor found several members of the unit playing cards and working out when they were scheduled to be on patrol. The supervisor complained to his superior, and two days later the supervisor's tires were slashed. He bought new tires that soon suffered the same fate. Many of the LAPD's procedural shortcomings that were noted in the Board of Inquiry report are strikingly similar to what the Christopher Commission described in its report after the Rodney King beating. That group was headed by former US Secretary of State Warren Christopher (prior to becoming Secretary), who told the Los Angeles Times on March 12 that it was "troubling to find that matters of real importance that were discussed in our report of nine years ago remain unaddressed or not fully resolved today." That gap didn't seem to bother Mayor Richard Riordan, who praised the Board of Inquiry report on the day it was released but before he had finished reading it, a fact the Mayor discounted by saying he had been thoroughly briefed on the report and had finished the executive summary. The Board of Inquiry report sparked new calls for an independent review of the Rampart events. LA Councilman Joel Wachs told the Daily News of Los Angeles that while the LAPD's self-diagnosis was a positive sign, "the magnitude and seriousness of their findings underscore why a broad-based, outside review should be welcome as a helpful tool in resolving this." Wachs's colleague on the City Council, Rita Walters, was more forceful. "This is something we really must look at independently," she told the Daily News. "We have to dig it up, root it out and be certain there are no Ramparts in our future." The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Southern California was pretty blunt in its rebuke of Mayor Riordan's assertion that an outside review of the LAPD is unnecessary. "It's time for the Mayor to wake up," said the ACLU in its statement. "Relying on the Police Department to ferret out all of the underlying problems is like having a cancer patient operate on himself." A step in this direction was taken on February 24th, when the FBI and US Justice Department joined the LAPD investigators to look into possible civil rights violations. Pressure from City Council members, civil rights groups and, ironically, from the LA police union contributed to the decision to bring in the Feds. The police union has expressed "growing concern for due process, protection against a witch hunt and security against scapegoating" of individual officers, according to Rick Orlov of the Daily News of Los Angeles. At the same time, a February 26 meeting hosted by attorney Johnnie L. Cochran, Jr. brought together Mark Rosenbaum of the ACLU and a number of attorneys who are veterans of the "police brutality bar," according to the Los Angeles Times. The attorneys didn't reach any formal agreements but did discuss how the courts and legal system, which were so widely abused in the Ramparts scandal, might be a vehicle for bringing about meaningful police reform. "This is a situation that is tailor-made for reform," said Rosenbaum, in part because of the breadth and severity of illegal conduct revealed to date. Dan Stormer, an attorney who has considerable experience with police misconduct cases but was not at the meeting, said that one aspect of the Rampart situation that makes it different from other police misconduct cases is "a district attorney acknowledging that there was wrongful, unlawful conduct that deprived someone of their civil rights." Rosenbaum added that "this is not a case of a few bad apples; it is the case of a poisonous tree." That larger perspective on the Rampart scandal is a welcome change from the few-bad-apples explanation that LA Police Chief Bernard Parks has favored. It remains to be seen whether a legal challenge to the LAPD's long-standing, entrenched immunity from public accountability can succeed. It's also not clear whether the Rampart events will become an issue in the state's high-profile Senate race between Republican Tom Campbell and incumbent Democrat Dianne Feinstein. To this point, six months of Rampart revelations have yet to ignite widespread public outrage, and, given what has come out to date, it's hard to imagine what it will take for this to change. Without such outrage, politicians would probably be happy to steer clear of the issue, especially in light of the political muscle that law enforcement has in California. That doesn't bode well for people who would like to see the Rampart scandal become a turning point in the struggle for law enforcement that plays by the rules it is sworn to uphold. If you like what you see here and want to get these bulletins by e-mail, please fill out our quick signup form at https://stopthedrugwar.org/WOLSignup.shtml. PERMISSION to reprint or redistribute any or all of the contents of Drug War Chronicle is hereby granted. We ask that any use of these materials include proper credit and, where appropriate, a link to one or more of our web sites. If your publication customarily pays for publication, DRCNet requests checks payable to the organization. If your publication does not pay for materials, you are free to use the materials gratis. In all cases, we request notification for our records, including physical copies where material has appeared in print. Contact: StoptheDrugWar.org: the Drug Reform Coordination Network, P.O. Box 18402, Washington, DC 20036, (202) 293-8340 (voice), (202) 293-8344 (fax), e-mail [email protected]. Thank you. Articles of a purely educational nature in Drug War Chronicle appear courtesy of the DRCNet Foundation, unless otherwise noted.
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