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(renamed "Drug War Chronicle" effective issue #300, August 2003) Issue #111, 10/8/99
"Raising Awareness of the Consequences of Drug Prohibition" TABLE OF CONTENTS
or check out The Week Online archives 1. Governor Johnson Comes to Washington -- Meets with Students, Drug Policy Reformers -- Gets Blasted by McCaffrey New Mexico Governor Gary Johnson came to the nation's capital this week and proved once again that he will not shrink from criticism in his crusade to force a national dialogue on the legalization of drugs. Johnson, a Republican, shocked the political establishment, especially those within his own state party, when he began calling for an end to the drug war in July. Upon arriving in Washington, Governor Johnson met first with Students for Sensible Drug Policy (SSDP), a fast-growing national student organization dedicated to raising awareness of the social, moral and human costs of drug prohibition. Johnson, a triathlete, told the students that he was in no way advocating drug use. "I haven't even had a Coca-Cola in more than two years. Drug use is a handicap. I think that we need to tell people, young people especially, 'don't do drugs!'" Unlike other elected leaders, however, Johnson made no bones about the fact that his judgement about the relative wisdom of drug use comes from experience. "When I was in college, I did marijuana" he said. "I'm not saying that I experimented with marijuana... I used marijuana." Shawn Heller, President of the GWU chapter of SSDP, thanked the Governor for coming to speak with the group and let Johnson know that he wasn't out there alone. "Our experience in speaking with students both here at GWU and on other campuses around the country is that there is a growing awareness of the disastrous nature of the drug war. Students are concerned about issues like the spread of AIDS, the discriminatory impact of drug enforcement, escalating US military involvement in Latin America, the loss of civil liberties and many others. The college movement is growing very quickly, and students are calling into question the whole paradigm of drug prohibition." After the meeting, Heller told The Week Online that he was encouraged by the Governor's comments. "A lot of people who agree with this issue don't speak out because drug policy reform has been portrayed as a fringe movement by policy makers. Having a Governor, especially a Republican Governor, who isn't afraid to speak out is going to make a lot of people sit up and take notice." David Epstein, President of SSDP at American University, spoke about his group's success in creating a coalition of student groups to focus on drug policy. "Through our work on the Higher Education Act Reform Campaign, SSDP has build an ongoing coalition with a number of student groups who were not previously working toward drug policy reform. Once students begin to realize the extent of the damage being caused by this policy, they tend to get active pretty quickly." Governor Johnson told the students that he believes that a legal, regulated market for currently illicit drugs would reduce drug-related problems by "at least half" and that such a system would see substance abuse remain level or even decline. Kris Lotlikar, campus coordinator for DRCNet, which facilitated the meeting, and national organizer for SSDP, told Governor Johnson that students have an important perspective on drug policy. "Students who are in college today grew up during a time of increasing sentences and zero-tolerance policies. We are the generation of kids that the war was supposed to protect. And yet there are few if any of us who grew up in a drug free community or attended a drug free high school. Our generation knows that the policy is a failure. We are determined to get that message out." (Visit http://www.ssdp.org to find out more about SSDP and the First National Conference of Student Leaders in Drug Policy and Justice, November 5-6 in Washington, DC. Scholarship funding for students is still available. Visit http://www.u-net.org or http://www.raiseyourvoice.com to learn more about the Higher Education Act Reform Campaign.)
2. BREAKING!! McCaffrey In New Mexico: Claims Johnson Told College Students "Heroin Use is Great," Students Refute Drug Czar Barry McCaffrey was in New Mexico on Thursday (10/8) to publicly condemn Governor Gary Johnson for his public stance against prohibition. Speaking to a group of law enforcement officials, McCaffrey called Johnson's support for the legalization of drugs "astonishing and embarrassing" and called the governor "Puff Daddy Johnson." Most curious of all, however, was McCaffrey's reference to the Monday morning meeting between Governor Johnson and Students for a Sensible Drug Policy (SSDP) in Washington DC, which had been reported on in the national media. McCaffrey told his audience today that "[Johnson] should be ashamed for talking to a bunch of college students and telling them that marijuana use is great and heroin use is great." Shawn Heller, President of the George Washington University SSDP, told The Week Online that McCaffrey was badly misinformed. "That's the most absurd thing I've ever heard. The governor said nothing of the sort. Governor Johnson was very clear in stating that he believed that drug use was a handicap. He told us that it was important for young people to understand that the costs of drug use far outweigh any perceived benefits. It's disturbing that a man in Barry McCaffrey's position would slander Governor Johnson like that." Kris Lotlikar, who works with both SSDP and DRCNet, told The Week Online that McCaffrey's statement was indicative of the policy he represents. "Barry McCaffrey was not in that meeting. No one from ONDCP was in that meeting. It is a complete fabrication. We shouldn't be surprised though, because the whole drug war is built on lies. They talk about education while their budget goes to prisons. They say it's not a war while we send troops and weapons into Colombia. They talk about protecting kids, even though kids can buy any drugs they want, at any age, because there's no one asking for ID under prohibition. Barry McCaffrey has once again sent a message to young people that we cannot believe a word that comes out of his mouth." The Drug Reform Coordination Network is a sponsor of SSDP and facilitated the meeting. Adam J. Smith, DRCNet Associate Director, said that McCaffrey's statement points to the government's fear of the growing campus anti-drug war movement. "Apparently, General McCaffrey was pretty disturbed by the fact that Governor Johnson met with SSDP. The thought of a full-fledged anti-prohibition movement on college campuses -- encompassing a broad cross-section of students with concerns ranging from AIDS and racial discrimination to privacy and property rights -- is frightening to the drug war establishment. Having had the pleasure of speaking with the Governor at this meeting, I strongly doubt that he will be frightened away from the campus movement by such tactics." ONDCP was not available for comment on this story at press time.
3. Canada: Drug War Refugee Faces New Challenges A California woman who fled to Canada last year to avoid prosecution in a medical marijuana conspiracy case is facing new complications in her attempt to gain political asylum there. In 1997, Renee Boje was arrested in connection with the high-profile Peter McWilliams/Todd McCormick medical marijuana grow case in Los Angeles, and charged with conspiracy to distribute and possession with intent to distribute marijuana. Boje was jailed for 72 hours and released, and the charges against her were soon dropped. Fearing the charges would be reinstated, she fled to British Columbia in May of 1998, where she stayed at the house of a marijuana provider for Vancouver's Compassion Club. It wasn't until her arrest in a raid on that house last February that she learned that charges against her had indeed been reinstated in her absence -- she had officially become an international fugitive. With the help of friends, Boje secured legal counsel and filed a request for refugee status with the Canadian government, contending that she is a pawn in a political battle between the US federal government and the people of California over medical marijuana. Her attorneys have submitted evidence to the court that her extradition would result in cruel and unusual punishment, citing a recent study from Amnesty International deploring the conditions of women's prisons in the states. If convicted of the charges against her in California, she faces a mandatory minimum sentence of ten years in such a prison. Last week, a new twist further complicated her struggle. In a surprise move, the Canadian government, already under pressure from US authorities anxious for her extradition, claimed that changes in Canadian immigration law have made her ineligible to seek political asylum. The provision in question states that persons charged with crimes in another country which in Canada carry penalties of ten or more years cannot be granted refugee status. The Canadian equivalent of her alleged crimes is conspiracy to traffic in marijuana, charges that technically carry penalties of up to life in prison but which are usually treated much more leniently. Now, Boje's attorneys and supporters must regroup and decide upon their next course of action. Her extradition hearings are set for the first three days in November. Even if her chances of avoiding extradition are slim, Boje has raised the stakes of the US-driven international drug war. At a time when Canadians are seriously considering relaxing their drug laws, media profiles of her case are reminding them of the ruthlessness with which the US enforces its own, and of the threat to Canadian sovereignty posed by DEA agents and US federal prosecutors who recognize no borders in their pursuit of the alleged perpetrators of victimless crimes. DRCNet asked Maury Mason, a spokesman for Boje, for an update on her campaign. He sent us the following news, excerpted below: "The loss of the refugee option does not diminish the importance of Renee's case. The extradition process has yet to be played out. There is an appeal process that can lead to a constitutional challenge of the current Canadian drug laws. At each stage, there is an opportunity to provide evidence and publicize it widely. "Our public and media focus for the next few weeks will be directed primarily to a Canadian audience. Not many people in Canada know that you can be accused of being seen watering a marijuana plant in the United States and face life in prison. [This is largely the substance of the case against Boje in California -ed.] Fewer still know that it is the law in Canada as well." "We will be stepping up our efforts to garner public support to exert political pressure for Canada to make the marijuana laws reflect current public attitudes and realities." "A win in her extradition case sets a very important precedent that would further isolate the United States from much of the world in it's policies on drugs and harsh treatment of citizens. She would be the first American given political asylum by Canada. This is very big news." "So we will continue to raise Renee's media profile. Recently about.com conducted an online poll asking whether Renee should be granted refugee status in Canada. Over 1,800 people responded, with 88% voting in favor of status being granted. Two days later, a fifteen-minute CBC national radio interview with Renee was aired. On the (very popular) show, Renee informed the Canadian people that their government has refused to allow her to apply as a refugee. Public response was one of outrage at Canada's lack of courage. "She has acquired an office with two computers, two telephone lines and a group of committed friends and experienced professional associates. She has gathered a great deal of support from drug reform, medical marijuana and social justice organizations. From them she has recruited an impressive list of expert witnesses for her trials.n For the past seven months she has done a remarkable job on very little money. If she were a car, she would be getting 150 miles per gallon." "Efforts to raise money continue. She is in good health and has the emotional strength to wage a long intense campaign. She is fully aware of the importance of her case and knows that many will benefit if she is successful. She will appeal every non-favorable decision up to and including the Supreme Court of Canada. She vows never to spend a day in prison." To aid in Boje's defense, Mason is collecting as much evidence as he can find that shows the drug war is motivated by political purposes rather than concern for public health and safety. He has asked readers of The Week Online to contact him if they can produce credible witnesses or documents (rather than speculation, theory, or third-hand information) showing political intent in the enacting of US drug laws or their continued harsh enforcement. If you can help, please contact him via the snail mail or e-mail address below. The Renee Boje Legal Defense FundFor more details on Renee Boje and her cases, see http://www.abcnews.go.com/sections/world/DailyNews/marijuana990924.html and http://www.thecompassionclub.org/renee/.
4. Minnesota Governor to President Clinton: Let Us Grow Hemp! Minnesota Governor Jesse Ventura sent a personal letter last week (9/30) to President Clinton urging him not to allow government to "stand in the way" of Minnesota farmers set to apply for federal permits to grow industrial hemp. Farmers across the nation have been devastated by low commodity prices and, in response, the Minnesota legislature passed a law this year directing the governor to prepare an application for authorization of experimental hemp crops. Federal regulations, however, require individual farmers rather than states themselves to submit such applications, so on November 19, Governor Ventura's office will hold a seminar to walk farmers through that process. In the letter, Ventura touts hemp as a "potentially lucrative" alternative crop to wheat, corn and soybeans. "Industrial hemp has a number of uses, ranging from construction materials and cosmetics to papers and textiles" the letter says. "According to a study completed by North Dakota State University's Institute for Natural Resources and Economic Development, retailers sold $75 million in hemp products in 1997. That figure is estimated to grow to $250 million by next year." The letter further points to the competitive disadvantage created by the federal government's ongoing resistance to legalizing hemp, telling President Clinton that "Our neighbors in Canada are ahead of us in the effort to establish industrial hemp as an alternative crop for farmers."
5. UK: Tabloid Press Gets Tough on Political Correctness Kerie Sprenger for DRCNet, [email protected] The Equal Treatment Bench Book may have an innocuous name, but some members of the British government and press believe it might hold a more sinister content than its name suggests. The guidelines, which were released last week by the Judicial Studies Board and are endorsed by the Lord Chancellor, Lord Irvine and the Lord Chief Justice, Lord Bingham, are intended to inform justices of the differences in religion and ethnicity within the communities over which they preside. Since 1997, some five judges in Britain's courts have been reprimanded for unacceptable racial comments. The Equal Treatment Bench Book is an attempt to provide clearer understanding of a defendant's motivations, from a cultural or religious perspective. All seemingly very innocent, but there are people who don't think so. On October 1, the Daily Mail reported that the guidelines contained suggestions that the legal system should be lenient on Rastafarian cannabis users, as cannabis is a sacrament in that religion. Home Secretary Jack Straw got involved when he saw the Daily Mail's article, stating that he did not agree with the guidelines. He was not actually aware of their existence until the article was printed. The guidelines explain in one section how ganja is a sacrament to Rastafarians. This passage is clinical, and reads like an entry in a college anthropology text. In another section entirely, the guidelines suggest that justices should take into account religious and cultural beliefs and practices. Taken in the context they are written, these statements are a long way from condoning lighter sentences for Rastafarians as compared to other users of cannabis. Marcel Berlins, writing for the Guardian, said, "Only by an astonishing feat of verbal legerdemain can this be turned into an exhortation, say, to rule that a man is not guilty of murder because, under his religion, it's okay to kill an adulterous wife, or that Rastas should get away with a criminal act that non-Rastas would be punished for." In a statement issued to The Week Online, Lord Irvine said, "The Judicial Studies Board, with my endorsement and the Lord Chief Justice's, are determined that everyone who comes before our courts is guaranteed a fair and equal hearing. The Judicial Studies Board have therefore worked on a Bench Book to inform Judges about the ways of lives of people who come before them from all parts of the community. The laws in our country apply to everyone equally. Rastafarians are subject to our cannabis laws as everyone else." The statement went on to say, "Nothing in the book condones the use of illegal drugs or suggests that any section of the community should receive a lighter sentence for using them... These are totally inaccurate reports and are based on a fundamental misunderstanding of the book." In a letter to the Evening Standard, Allan Percival, the Lord Chancellor's Director of Communications, revealed that the passages of the guidelines in question have remained unchanged from the previous edition issued in 1995. He called the allegations that the Lord Chancellor and Lord Chief Justice were sending out signals of leniency for Rastafarians "nonsense."
6. FDA Approves Marijuana Study on Migraines, Final Approval Awaits NIDA Review (courtesy NORML Foundation, http://www.norml.org) Oct. 7, 1999, Missoula, MT: The Food and Drug Administration has granted approval to Ethan Russo, MD, a Montana neurologist, to study the effects of smoked marijuana as compared to oral dronabinol (Marinol(R)) and injected sumatriptan (Imitrex(R)) in the treatment of migraine headaches. Russo will enroll 40 patients with severe migraines, and employ a double blind, double-dummy crossover design. (Neither the patients nor examiners will know whether they are employing real cannabis or THC-free cannabis or true dronabinol or a placebo.) The study still faces a roadblock in the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). NIDA, the only American supplier of research marijuana, has recently changed its policy and will only provide marijuana to researchers whose studies have gained FDA approval as well as a NIDA Public Health Service review. "NIDA has added a new hoop through which cannabis researchers must jump," Russo said. "For any other substance, even cocaine or heroin, approval of an Investigative New Drug (IND) application by FDA allows the researcher to proceed directly to clinical trials. NIDA has thrown up a new and unnecessary barrier to this research." If NIDA demands changes in the protocol, Russo would need to file another IND application with the FDA, which would cause further delays. In the meantime, the delay hinders Russo's ability to raise funding from private sources for the projected $250,000 study. "Dr. Russo's chances of obtaining approval for his marijuana/migraine study from NIDA's Public Health Service review are very good, simply because NIDA needs to show that it isn't blocking research," said Rick Doblin, President of Multidisciplanary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS). "For me the most intriguing question is not whether the protocol will be approved but what will NIDA charge for one pound of its low potency pot, which is all that Dr. Russo needs for his study."
7. Australian Capitol Territory Drug Strategy Stresses Harm Reduction, Calls for Safe-Injection Rooms Peter Watney for DRCNet, [email protected] The Canberra Times reported on 30th September, 1999 the launch of the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) Government's long-awaited drug strategy, which clears the way for injection-room legislation to be debated in the state Assembly in its October sitting. Safe injection rooms, sometimes called "tolerance rooms" or "T-rooms," offer injecting drug users clean needles, a safe place to use drugs, and access to treatment and health care. They have been used successfully in Europe as a means of taking drug use off the streets and improving users' health. ACT Health Minister Michael Moore said last week that if the bill passed this sitting, as he hoped it would, an injecting room could be operating by the end of the year. That would make the ACT the second state to announce its intention to open such a facility, after the New South Wales government approved a plan to establish one in Sidney later this year. The three-year strategy, "From Harm to Hope," differs from previous plans by looking at drug use and abuse in the context of all areas of government, housing, law and order, education and environment, as well as health. The safe-injecting facility would be run as a scientific trial and would include a supervised environment for injecting and disposing of equipment. Drug users who visit the facility would be offered links to rehabilitation, detoxification and counseling services. The ACT government has not given up hope of conducting a heroin maintenance trial, and its "feasibility" is still open despite repeated setbacks this year, including Prime Minister John Howard's firm opposition to the plan. The full text of "From Harm to Hope" is available online at http://www.health.act.gov.au/new.html.
Jane Tseng, [email protected] General Motors Faulted for Sneaky Drug Sweep A court in Bowling Green, Kentucky has reprimanded the General Motors' Corvette assembly plant there for using "underhanded and nonprofessional" methods in policing its employees. A GM employee had hired Aset Corp., a private security agency, to conduct a drug sweep of the plant. The agency placed an attractive woman undercover in the plant, where she was instructed to make occasional comments about wanting to "have a joint" during the workday. Seventeen workers were arrested on marijuana charges during the five-month sweep of the plant, most of whom have already plead guilty. The court issued its reprimand after it fined a GM employee a symbolic one-cent for trafficking less than eight ounces of marijuana. Nebraska Court Strikes Down Conviction On Saturday (10/2), the Nebraska Supreme Court ruled that drug-sniffing dogs cannot be used outside an apartment without reasonable suspicion that a crime has been committed. The decision was prompted by the conviction of an Omaha man who was sentenced in June for a conviction of possession of marijuana with intent to deliver. After receiving a tip that he was distributing cocaine from his apartment, police had searched the hallway outside of Eddie R. Ortiz, Jr.'s home with a drug-sniffing dog and obtained a "no-knock" search warrant based on the dog's reaction. The police then searched the residence in Ortiz's absence and seized $17,300, a quarter ounce of cocaine and four ounces of marijuana. Ortiz turned himself in a week later and was sentenced to two to three years in prison by Douglas County Court. In its ruling, the court said that the tip that the police had received was not adequate grounds for bringing a drug-sniffing dog into the hallway outside of Ortiz's apartment. The Nebraska Supreme Court overturned Ortiz's conviction with its Saturday decision, ruling that the police officers violated Ortiz's fourth amendment rights because apartment dwellers have a legitimate expectation of privacy in the hallways immediately outside their doors. "Arms-for-Drugs" Deals on the Rise in Latin America The State Department's 1999 International Narcotics Control Strategy report indicates that Suriname's military may be behind the recent rise in the number of arms-for-drugs deals. "There are disturbing reports of money laundering, drug trafficking and associated criminal activity involving current and former government and military officials," reads the report. Last August, Brazilian police seized an airplane headed for Colombia loaded with weapons from Suriname. According to Brazilian press, among the weapons found aboard the plane were two rockets, a rocket launcher capable to bringing down a small airplane, and an Uzi sub-machine gun. It is believed that the airplane was headed for the Colombia's Revolutionary Armed Forces (FARC). Suriname's former President, Desi Bouterse, was convicted of making five cocaine shipments to the Netherlands and Belgium between the years of 1989 to 1991 and sentenced to 16 years in prison. Bouterse remains at large in Suriname today and may run again for Presidency. Bouterse denies all charges, though many high-ranking officers in the Suriname army have been arrested on drug charges over the past decade. Although the bulk of the drug trafficking from Suriname appears to be oriented toward Europe, the United States has taken a growing interest in the country. Officials of the US Drug Enforcement Administration say that they hope to get a permanent presence in Suriname within the next year.
Adam J. Smith, Associate Director, [email protected] Liddy Dole, she of the floundering presidential campaign and chemically-enhanced husband, issued a proclamation this week (10/8) indicating that if she is elected, the American people can look forward to a "crusade with the goal of a drug-free America." "I do not and will not -- under any circumstances -- support the legalization of marijuana or any other drug," she assured supporters. And Dole apparently expects that she will be more successful than the current Commander-in-chief in convincing young people to stay away from the stuff, noting that the President "lacks the moral authority to send a message that drugs aren't cool." Putting aside for a moment the question of whether American teenagers will take seriously Elizabeth Dole's proclamations on what is and isn't "cool," it is interesting to note that the issue of legalization has become relevant in the current campaign. And it has become an issue despite the fact that no one from either major party has called for even modest reform, much less a wholesale rethinking of our drug policy. The politicos don't seem to know what to do with this one. Last week, President Clinton vetoed the DC Appropriations bill, citing excessive "social riders" attached to the legislation. Several Republicans claimed that Clinton's real objective was to veto an amendment which would have overturned the just-released results of last November's medical marijuana initiative, which was passed overwhelmingly by District voters. In a statement released immediately after the veto, Congressman Ernest Istook (R-OK) proclaimed that "President Clinton has just surrendered in America's war against drugs." Istook added, "I'm appalled that the President of the United States would throw away (the bill) just to support legalizing drugs." Imagine, Bill Clinton, whose two terms have seen drug arrests and drug war budgets soar to record levels, has really been a closet legalizer all this time. Who'd have guessed? This week, in response to New Mexico Governor Gary Johnson's well-publicized call for legalization, Drug Czar Barry McCaffrey penned an op-ed to refute him. McCaffrey claims that it is "fiction" to say that our drug policy is a failure. To back this up, he cites statistics showing that drug use was down 13% last year among 8-12 year-olds. The problem, however, is that few children of that age use drugs in any year, making the reduction, in real numbers, almost meaningless. What is real is that despite all of our efforts, overdoses and emergency room admissions are at record levels, as are purity levels of drugs sold on the street, while the price of drugs has never been lower. Sound like a success? McCaffrey further states that it is "fiction" to call our efforts a "war." McCaffrey says "wars are waged by armies using weapons to kill enemies" while "the goal of the National Drug Control Strategy is to educate young people to prevent them from ever using drugs." Funny he should say that at the very moment that Congress is debating how many hundreds of millions of dollars in additional military aid it will send to the ruthless and corrupt Colombian military. Domestically, two-thirds of our federal drug budget is slated for enforcement, with one-third going to treatment, prevention and education combined. Nationally, more than one-third of young black males is under criminal justice supervision. The drug war (or perhaps, as with past "non-wars" McCaffrey would rather we call it a "police action") is the driving force behind this horrifying reality. The fact is that most politicians still believe that they can frighten the public with by crying "legalization," the new "L" word, and they may be right, for the time being. But voter initiatives over the past several years, along with high-profile defections such as Johnson's and the editorial boards of numerous major newspapers, have begun to make things just a little uncomfortable for the drug warriors. They are having a difficult time defending a system of prohibition which has wreaked havoc on the justice system, civil liberties and state and federal budgets, while the percentage of kids who claim that drugs are "easy" to get continues to rise. This week Liddy Dole, whose chances for the Republican presidential nomination are just slightly better than Larry Flynt's, promised that she would never support the legalization of drugs and said that that if elected, she'd wage a "crusade" for a drug-free America. At the same time, all across the country, politicians and their appointees are falling over themselves to twist facts and frighten voters about the drug-induced apocalypse to come. Their protestations and exhortations, far from warding off the inevitable collapse of prohibition, actually hasten its demise. Because the more light that is cast upon the darkness of this dirty war, the louder will be the call for peace. In the short-term, it is impossible to tell whether the drug warriors will win the battle, implementing even more punitive measures in an effort to make their policy work, before the pressure to end the war finally comes to a head. The only thing for certain is that if Liddy Dole does manage to become President of these United States, we can rest assured that Viagra will be legal for at least four more years. If you like what you see here and want to get these bulletins by e-mail, please fill out our quick signup form at https://stopthedrugwar.org/WOLSignup.shtml. PERMISSION to reprint or redistribute any or all of the contents of Drug War Chronicle is hereby granted. We ask that any use of these materials include proper credit and, where appropriate, a link to one or more of our web sites. If your publication customarily pays for publication, DRCNet requests checks payable to the organization. If your publication does not pay for materials, you are free to use the materials gratis. In all cases, we request notification for our records, including physical copies where material has appeared in print. Contact: StoptheDrugWar.org: the Drug Reform Coordination Network, P.O. Box 18402, Washington, DC 20036, (202) 293-8340 (voice), (202) 293-8344 (fax), e-mail [email protected]. Thank you. Articles of a purely educational nature in Drug War Chronicle appear courtesy of the DRCNet Foundation, unless otherwise noted.
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